a project of D2L (www.achievementstandards.org). The travel-time graph This worksheet focuses on using the p and s graph to find different variables. The time Contact the teacher to find out the length of the class period, as well as how many copies of handouts and sets of materials you need to bring. Student exploration Graphing Skills SE Key Gizmos Explore Learning. It travels faster than the same earthquake's S wave (almost double the speed) and is similar to sound waves. $8.25. /g$=#!$EbBbhD!,x so^6Uc})\uJs=fyY}j'|YjTm8B_[}*Ovm\[J'.mu?lQg,wzJM^X&P w>-T%*h%J4 yB@VPmP]@D------------,2dfY$"A!ANAASi)4$dniiiinH% Gxt5DJ) )9RRr$II'y ??O's^3@[{*{VT?nsNS!ilq]mFO?? The living lab presents earthquake information through a focus on four active seismic areas and historic earthquakes in those areas. 0000007097 00000 n 0000003254 00000 n Y$Kr;V6[;Dq vg~cx:A[^jCssupwD endstream endobj 80 0 obj <> endobj 81 0 obj <>stream Fill Locating The Epicenter Of An Earthquake Worksheet Answers, Edit online. 12), Seek, evaluate, and use a variety of specialized resources available from libraries, the Internet, and the community to find scientific information on Earth's history The seismometers are shown as green dots. %%EOF Must engineers be content with mitigating disasters, instead of preventing them? Type text, add images, blackout confidential details, add comments, highlights and more. Divide the class into student pairs, and have them assemble at their computers with journals/paper and writing instruments. After this activity, students should be able to: Each TeachEngineering lesson or activity is correlated to one or more K-12 science, The calculated distance from each seismometer to the earthquake is shown as a circle. 4. earthquakes. 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Figure 2. If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. Sixty-seven people lost their lives, and property damage was estimated at $6 billion. 0000079769 00000 n Cross), Give Me Liberty! A circle is drawn from each of the three different seismograph locations, where the radius of each circle is equal to the distance from that station to the epicenter. It is slower than the same earthquake's P wave and cannot travel through liquids. time for any point that is 3,000 miles Make an overhead copy of each of the handouts. graph. Success is figuring out that the epicenter is just off the coast of Chile, where the three circles intersect. Accessed December 11, 2013. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_magnitude_scale, Novak, Gary. longer or shorter). Also called seismometer. Record your answer from Lab Exercise #2, Step 1. Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave and the arrival of the S-wave. In this activity, the epicenter of the earthquake is in the center of Los Angeles, CA. 0000006011 00000 n A single recording station can only calculate distance, but not direction; to cover all possibilities, a complete circle is drawn around that station. 0000106240 00000 n Edit your locating an earthquake epicenter worksheet answers online. Privacy Policy, Seismograms from seismic stations in Fresno, CA, Phoenix, AZ, and Las Vegas, NV, A modified travel time curve for S-P wave, A Modified Travel Time Curve for S-P Wave. Quick Tips. A. Seismic waves-waves generated by an earthquake, can move the ground forward and back- answers the question. How does the lag time change as you get farther and Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video - shake, shake, shake. (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). HS]o01j6R0iMm4U=wL8]BE< farther from the epicenter of an earthquake? 100 km 4.1 km/s 24.4 s; Finding the epicenter (continued) data table analyze and conclude answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. aqmd. earthquake though). Though they may weaken with distance, seismographs are sensitive enough to still detect these waves. The farther a station is from the directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. trailer <<320C1F98F8FF4795B5CCB8D9E9A0B99B>]/Prev 812054/XRefStm 1396>> startxref 0 %%EOF 93 0 obj <>stream HTn0"H@w=s(vxk8OM1px-{$_!o5|CS7RPr#V(0CUa%ZkuT9t};D Jj=.9,z!#@n5YCu>R88tfFRX=iRK activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter The Science of Earthquakes | U.S. Geological Survey An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one . 0000033429 00000 n Then locate and click the link in the center of the page under the question: "How is an earthquake epicenter located and how is magnitude determined?" 4. After reading about earthquakes, open a new window to an Earthquake Simulator at, Follow the simulation instructions. *The NGSS logo is a registered trademark of WestEd. 0000004060 00000 n Copyright USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php. Today, most seismologists no longer follow Richter's original methodology because it does not give reliable results when applied to stronger earthquakes and it was not designed to use data from earthquakes recorded at epicentral distances greater than ~600 km. : an American History (Eric Foner), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Campbell Biology (Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky), How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and. Engineers first determine where earthquakes are likely to occur, and how severe they are likely to be. Three seismographs are needed. Finding the epicenter worksheet answer key. The answer is the San Andreas Fault. www.teachengineering.org/activities/view/csm_findingepicenters_activity1, Search curriculum by Common Core standards, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/earthquakes/, Click to view other curriculum aligned to this Performance Expectation, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (pdf), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (pdf), Earthquakes Living Lab: FAQs about P Waves, S Waves and More, Seismic Waves: How Earthquakes Move Through the Earth, Earthquakes Living Lab: Designing for Disaster, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/index.php, https://www.newpathonline.com/api_player/enus_54_6304/LXX/index.html. Subject Areas: Do you think we will someday be able to prevent earthquakes? Last updated November 26, 2013. minute apart, represent the passage of time d>(ZvO= 0000004769 00000 n Use the graph to answer the questions that follow. Virtual Earthquake (tutorial/simulation) 1996. triangulation: A method to determine exactly where an earthquake originates. approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? The period of a wave is the time between two adjacent wave peaks. Students learn about factors that engineers take into consideration when designing buildings for earthquake-prone regions. cCV&0Lw1~c\4QA!{q: N3\`Lccgb,x/if`WH3(\'q)Da'@ | endstream endobj 92 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/Index[57 4]/Length 20/Size 61/Type/XRef/W[1 1 1]>>stream The moment magnitude scale (MMS) was developed in the 1970s as a modification of the Richter scale and is better for measuring big earthquakes but less good for small ones. (5 minutes) Discuss how gathering information on epicenters can be applied. The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake. Last modified July 18, 2012. Thus technology use varies from region to region and over time. The wavelength and frequency of a wave are related to one another by the speed of travel of the wave, which depends on the type of wave and the medium through which it is passing. 0000078169 00000 n For example, If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. To abbreviate, use the symbol M (a capital M, plain text, no sub/superscripts) expressed to the nearest 0.1. determine the epicenter using the S P (S minus P) method. Though the distance to the epicenter can be determined using a travel-time graph, the direction cannot be told. Follow this simple guide to edit Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key in PDF format online free of charge: Explore all the advantages of our editor right now! One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. Every year, earthquakes cause death and destruction worldwide. Richter magnitude scale: An earthquake measurement scale created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers Thank you for reading Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answers . Geologists use seismic waves to locate an earthquake's epicenter. The point where your ruler crosses the middle line on the chart marks the magnitude (strength) of the earthquake. How does the period of the P waves compare to the period of the surface waves? As the drum rotated, t, pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface, between arrival of P and S waves is called, epicenter, the longer the lag time measured, velocity, amplitude, and frequency of the. Use mathematical representations of phenomena or design solutions to describe and/or support claims and/or explanations. Thanks for your feedback! The vertical lines, spaced one, minute apart, represent the passage of time, (from left to right). Before going to the classroom, you will need to: Provide each student, with the following: Earthquakes occur every day all over the United States and all over the world. The, amount of time that passes between the Pwave arrival and the Swave arrival is. To accurately locate an earthquake epicenter, records from three. DocHub v5.1.1 Released! How does distance from the epicenter affect the magnitude (height) of the seismograph reading? The lag time for any How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and the last measurable Ask students what fault they think caused this earthquake. ' endstream endobj 69 0 obj <> endobj 70 0 obj [85 0 R] endobj 71 0 obj <> endobj 72 0 obj <> endobj 73 0 obj <>stream Show students some of the numerous online animations comparing the movements of P and S waves. Some places are more prone to earthquakes than others. 3. minutes? Specifically, seismographs make recordings (seismograms) of the seismic waves generated from earthquakes, providing engineers and other researchers with data that they use to make predictions about future earthquakes. 9 - Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. 87 0 obj <> endobj xref 87 28 0000000016 00000 n Short for "secondary wave" or "shear wave." distance from transducer to the focal point. I contacted the persons listed below to find out the location of the following people entitled to notice Name of Person Measure the difference in arrival times between the first shear (s) wave and the first compressional (p) wave, which can be interpreted from the seismogram. Earthquake Location 2 Using the skills that you acquired in the picking P and S arrivals, you can now locate an earthquake using real seismic records. Find 23 millimeters on the right side of the chart and mark that point. If you can't find an answer to your question, please contact us. Through the online Earthquakes Living Lab, student pairs explore various types of seismic waves and the differences between shear waves and compressional waves. Then from the same recordings they determine the earthquake's magnitude, an estimate of the amount of energy released during the earthquake. 0000009174 00000 n 15 Bill Nye - Earthquakes Worksheet Key Earthquakes occur when the big pieces of earth's crust, called plates, move a little. Today we will be using a traveltime graph, where the vertical separation between, the P and S curves is equal to the difference in the arrival times between the Pwave, and Swave. Do you agree with this alignment? In Figure 13.9, there is an example seismogram from a station that includes a minor earthquake. %PDF-1.4 % P and S arrivals, you can now locate an earthquake your answers below. HTn0MmcHCB 2. Considered best for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less). Section A - Operator Information 1. Analyze and interpret data on natural hazards to forecast future catastrophic events and inform the development of technologies to mitigate their effects. hbbd``b`$C`q9 X_$_g`bdxc`X Review their answers to assess their base knowledge of the subject matter. Where the 3 circles intersect is the approximate location to the epicenter of the earthquake. 0000002658 00000 n Use Figure 5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4 to determine . 9 - Epicenter Location on Earth's surface directly above the focus of the earthquake 5. Next, have student groups answer the eight questions in the. 6. Triangulation is required to determine exactly where it happened. Using this resource students find the arrival times of P-waves and S-waves using a seismogram. If your seismograph station is (Figure 3):. So the difference in the P- and S-wave arrival times determines the distance between the epicenter and a seismometer. CH 02 HW - Chapter 2 physics homework for Mastering, Leadership class , week 3 executive summary, I am doing my essay on the Ted Talk titaled How One Photo Captured a Humanitie Crisis https, School-Plan - School Plan of San Juan Integrated School, SEC-502-RS-Dispositions Self-Assessment Survey T3 (1), Techniques DE Separation ET Analyse EN Biochimi 1, Use a travel-time graph to convert lag time into distance. What did it feel like? When the tension becomes too great, the fault slips, causing an earthquake. 61 33 hb```f``Rl@ (l"`+uk?0.a~@6Vm;| G3f`75@v@Wz|A4#w9{(` ) This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. 0000001736 00000 n Share with Classes. How do we determine the epicenter of an earthquake? Click on New Document and select the file importing option: upload Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key from your device, the cloud, or a protected link. 0000004511 00000 n approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? In a concluding class discussion, have groups share their ideas about engineering and one new thing they learned about earthquakes. The magnitude is the logarithm of the amplitude of the ground wave. Activity 4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter, The three basic types of seismic wave generated by an earthquake at its focus are P, waves, Swaves, and Surface waves. Free K-12 standards-aligned STEM curriculum for educators everywhere. Activity 4 Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Answers: Fill Out & Sign . In the U.S., earthquake measurements under the MMS (those of magnitude 3.5 or higher) are still commonly erroneously referred to by the general public and media as being on the Richter scale, due to more familiarity with the Richter scale. BDF endstream endobj 74 0 obj <>stream 0000003855 00000 n (Grades 6 - 8). to the lag time measured at this location? A.45 seconds B.50 seconds C.55 seconds D.65 seconds Answer Key: D Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. 0000053998 00000 n They use three seismographs in a process called triangulation to determine earthquake epicenters. travel time for P waves. American Geosciences Institute. Of the four Earthquakes Living Lab seismic areas, choose the "Chile" box, as shown in Figure 3. Sign, fax and printable from PC, iPad, tablet or mobile with pdfFiller Note-taking Worksheet. 01. The simulation renders three circles on a map and directs students to find the epicenter. To locate the epicenter of the earthquake, seismologists use the . Overhead transparency of each of the handouts, Overhead projector (contact classroom teacher about this) and screen, Optional: overhead transparency or PowerPoint of, What do you know about the causes and impacts of Earthquakes? The vertical lines, spaced one Assess their understanding based on the thoroughness of their answers. All the arcs should intersect at a common point - the epicenter. Sharing Information/Thinking Ahead: In the Evaluate section of the worksheet, student pairs are asked to compose answers to two questionswhether they think seismology is a reliable science and ways seismic data is useful for engineers. 0000005081 00000 n 11 minutes elapsed between the first P wave and the last measurable surface wave. Apr 8, 2020 One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. The instrument detects and documents the intensity, direction and duration of ground vibrations, which are used to determine the epicenters and strength/magnitudes of earthquakes or other seismic events. Finding the Epicenter Determine the epicenter distance from three different seismographs. 1. earthquake lab lab: locating the epicenters of earthquakes objective measurable learning outcomes use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Discovery Institutions Western Governors University Southern New Hampshire University They make a model of a seismographa measuring device that records an earthquake on a seismogram. Locating Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answer Key buysms de. THREE SEISMOGRAMS Seismogram A - New York, NY 1 minute 1. Therefore, the lag When seismic data is collected from at least three different locations, it can be used to determine the epicenter by where it intersects. P and Swaves are body waves and travelthrough the interior of the earth. 0000000956 00000 n The farther away the epicenter is, the greater the difference . n{6c&6NK*U;=9i%nF different types of seismic waves. surface wave? Add to FlexBook Textbook. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. 74 Earthquake Activity: Locating the Epicenter and Time of Earthquake . The Earthquakes Living Lab gives students the chance to track earthquakes across the planet and examine where, why and how they are occurring. Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave . 0000001408 00000 n located 1,000 miles from the m>r/Q[6 Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters & Measuring Magnitudes. The Richter scale was created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. [k0 |`2dGXGGGd00A(60P-e = F5n -f$ C 0000000856 00000 n The longer the time between the arrival of the P-wave and S-wave, the farther away is the epicenter. Using 3 seismograms the students will be able to triangulate the epicenter of an earthquake. Use the process of triangulation to locate an earthquake's epicenter. A circle with a radius of the distance to the quake can be drawn. In order to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter, seismographs from at least three different places are needed for a particular event. 0000002383 00000 n The arrival of seismic waves will be recognized by an increase in amplitude look for a pattern change as lines get taller and more closely spaced (ex. 0000002094 00000 n hWmo9+[+UH EkNB|6YiaVJ=cRh7{T1R,5LI1$K=s)XR&87@&$LTPLutlcyNuzjf--\?qaXZM&HM.Eg"HnTqSWqN0&~2kf0 Md|d&:zhe)7I? 0000002840 00000 n Refer to the data table and use the difference in arrival times to determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter for Station 2. If a quake is near the seismograph, the S-waves arrive shortly after the P-waves. (, Find the S-P interval for each seismogram and record answers in the S-P column of, Find the distance to the epicenter (in kilometers) from each recording station and record answers in Table 1. 61 0 obj <> endobj xref The American Geosciences Institute represents and serves the geoscience community by providing collaborative leadership and information to connect Earth, science, and people. Send activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter worksheet answers via email, link, or fax. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. 0000005544 00000 n However, please review it for the specific setting, materials, students, and conventional safety precautions. Then do the same for the S-wave. atrial depolarization. What types of engineers might use this data the most? Epicenter is the location on the surface of the Earth directly above where the earthquake starts. If less precision is desired, precede M with a tilde, such as "M ~7" or "magnitude ~6.8.". https://people.wou.edu/~taylors/gs104/lab5key.pdf Locating Earthquake Epicenters | CK-12 Foundation Apr 8, 2020 . between arrival of P and S waves is called An earthquake is the violent movement of tectonic plates in the Earth's crust. [*aiLG?+J\QI86~}ooRrr!pm}dk@dBbZPMZlC4C\9^ SM.R\!H+$|+DUzt^w{" %&{KXjT'9yzT^UFe:+f(`PU_9%EW@\)?i qp!\G Z endstream endobj 75 0 obj <>stream 1,000 miles from the epicenter of an earthquake? Video Guide / Worksheets and Quizzes for Quizzes and Answer Sheet __ 2. Scientists and engineers around the globe gather data through observation and experimentation and use it to describe and understand how the world works. Use Figure 4.5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4.4 to determine the distance between each station and THREE SEISMOGRAMS the epicenter. Do limits exist on what science can predict? The epicenter of an earthquake can be found using the difference between the arrival of the Primary and Secondary waves. Great-circle arcs are drawn on the globe using the distance of the earthquake to the station as a radius. gov For online instructions and current fees click here. 0000098546 00000 n Book: Laboratory Manual for Introductory Geology (Deline, Harris & Tefend), { "13.01:_Introduction" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.02:_The_Epicenter,_Focus,_and_Waves" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.03:_Seismology" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.04:_Locating_an_Earthquake_Epicenter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.05:_Lab_Exercise_(Part_A)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.06:_Hazards_from_Earthquakes" : "property get 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